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ʲôʯīϩʯīϩʲô˼

2012-2-24 23:42:49   ϷؔW(wng)   www.cdlostory.com
    

ʯīϩH֪һN߀dzϊӲ|(zh)Ҝ‚fӵٶȱ֪(do)w

ʯīϩ̼ԭcʯīĆԭӌ̼ͬԭsp2܉ʷ䳲(honeycomb crystal lattice)И(gu)ɵĆΌӶSwʯīϩ̼ԭӺ乲rIγɵԭӳߴW(wng)ʯīϩӢĵgraphite(ʯī) + -ene(ϩY(ji)β)ʯīϩJ(rn)ƽh(hun)NԭӾw
ʯīϩĽY(ji)(gu)dz(wn)̼̼Icarbon-carbon bondH1.42Åʯīϩ(ni)̼ԭ֮gBӺg(dng)ʩʯīϩr̼ԭ׃ʹ̼ԭӲЁm(yng)ĶֽY(ji)(gu)(wn)@N(wn)ľY(ji)(gu)ʹʯīϩЃ(yu)Č(do)⣬ʯīϩе܉Ƅӕr򾧸ȱݻԭӶl(f)ɢԭgʮ֏(qing)ڳ£ʹ܇̼ԭӰl(f)Dײʯīϩ(ni)ܵĸɔ_ҲdzС
ʯīϩǘ(gu)̼ͬخwĻԪʯīľ̼̿{׹ܺ͸ϩʯīϩǶSģֻ߅(Ƚ߅); ߅κ߅δt(gu)ʯīϩȱ12ʯīϩͬγɸϩ
ʯīϩɈAͰοÞ̼{׹ʯīϩ߀ɏwܣballistic transistor˴ƌW(xu)ҵdȤ 20063£΁W(xu)ԺоT, ɹʯīϩƽЧ(yng)w^yӸЧ(yng)ڴ˽Y(ji)оʯīϩĵ·.
ʯīϩĆȫоᳱ֪һN|(zh)ϷdzϊӲҜؠrfӵٶȱ֪(do)wʯīϩԭӳߴY(ji)(gu)dzӈՓL
ʯīϩһNSwӵ\(yn)ٶ_(d)˹ٵ1/300h(yun)h(yun)^һ㌧(do)wе\(yn)ٶȡ@ʹʯīϩе(zhn)_(yng)Q顰dӡ(electric charge carrier)|(zh)ՓԵ΢ӷdzơ˂ҊʯīһӌԷCеƽ̼ԭӶѯBγɵʯīČg^׻xγɱʯīƬ(dng)ʯīƬɆΌ֮@Nֻһ̼ԭӺȵĆΌӾʯīϩ [1]l(f)չʷһʯīϩֹϏ(qing)IJ(j)yʯīϩƳɺஔ(dng)ͨʳƷϰbȵıĤȼs100 {ףôܴܳsɇƷĉڔڶʯīϩό(do)õIJе\(yn)ٶ_(d)˹ٵ1/300h(yun)h(yun)^һ㌧(do)wе\(yn)ٶ ʯīϩđ(yng)÷V韡(j)ʯīϩ(qing)ȳʯīϩɱV(yng)ڸI(lng)糬ppwC(j)ϵ(j)䃞(yu)Č(do)ԣʹ΢I(lng)Ҳо޴đ(yng)ÝʯīϩпܕɞƷ쳬΢;wܣÁa(chn)δijӋC(j)̼ԪظߵwʿʹδӋC(j)@øߵٶʯīϩ߀һN(yu)ĸԄԴI(lng)x늳ط棬߂(do)߱ȱem늘OʯīϩF(xin)ڌ2004(dng)rӢ˹شW(xu)ăλƌW(xu)ҰҡķͿ˹؁Zl(f)F(xin)һNdzεķõԽԽʯīƬʯīЄxʯīƬȻ󌢱ƬăճһNz˺_zܰʯīƬһ֞@ӲDZƬԽԽõ˃Hһ̼ԭӘ(gu)ɵıƬ@ʯīϩ@ԺƂʯīϩ·ӳF(jng)^5İl(f)չ˂l(f)F(xin)ʯīϩ빤I(y)a(chn)I(lng)ўrh(yun)ˡ 2010@ZؐW(xu)
ʯīϩijF(xin)ڿƌW(xu)缤˾޴IJ˂l(f)F(xin)ʯīϩзͬČ(do)F(sh)ʮď(qing)Ⱥ͘Oõ͸ijF(xin)ڬF(xin)ӿƼI(lng)l(f)һ݆ʯīϩ܉OЧwƣy(tng)İ댧(do)w͌(do)w~h(yun)]ʯīϩF(xin)úáӺԭӵײy(tng)İ댧(do)w͌(do)wßʽጷһЩĿǰһXоƬ@NʽM(fi)70%-80%ܣʯīϩtͬp@ʹ˷ͬă(yu)

ʯīϩĽY(ji)(gu)
   [sp2s̼|(zh)ϵĻMɆԪ]

sp2s̼|(zh)ϵĻMɆԪ
ʯīϩ̼Ԫh(hun)MɵăɾS(2D)ڷCc(din)ꇽY(ji)(gu), NS(0D)ĸϩ(fullerene),һS(1D)̼{׹(carbon nano-tube, CNT)߶ѶS(3D)ʯī(graphite), ʯīϩǘ(gu)ʯīϵĻԪʯīϩĻY(ji)(gu)ԪЙC(j)(wn)ıԪh(hun), ĿǰĶS{ײ.ʯīϩY(ji)(gu)ƽ߅c(din)Կһӱxʯīÿ̼ԭӾsp2sؕI(xin)ʣһp܉ϵγɴIӿƄxʯīϩõČ(do)ԡSʯīϩY(ji)(gu)Կγsp2s̼|(zh)ϵĻMɆԪ
ʯīϩc̼Ԫصą^(q)e
   [Όʯīϩ]

Όʯīϩ
ڽ20У̼ԪоˆTĘOdȤԸϩ̼{׹ܱƌW(xu)Ұl(f)F(xin)ԺSĽʯSʯīһS̼{׹SĸM̼ϵ塣ʯīƬӽY(ji)(gu)һֱԁоһc(din)ʯīwxĶSΌʯī̼ԭӌ(Graphene)ǜ(zhn)SY(ji)(gu)̼ϡʯīԿǶʯīϩƬѶǰB^̼{׹ܿԿǾɈAͲʯīϩ(dng)ʯīϩľдԪh(hun)ľrʯīϩƬl(f)N,Ա㿴ͨ^Ԫh(hun)Ԫh(hun)m(dng)еõ
ʯīϩ
\(yn)ݔ
ڰl(f)F(xin)ʯīϩǰ(sh)еԒW(xu)J(rn)W(xu)q䲻SκζSwޜض´İl(f)F(xin)ۑB(ti)mȻՓ͌綼J(rn)ĶSY(ji)(gu)oڷǽ^ȷ(wn)džΌʯīϩڌбƂ@ЩܚwY(ji)ʯīϩڼ{׼eϵ΢^Ť
ʯīϩ߀F(xin)ˮ(sh)ӻО늌(do)=2e²/h,6e²/h,10e²/h.... 늌(do)攵(sh)ҿҜ^y@ОѱƌW(xu)ҽጞ顰ʯīϩՓW(xu)]o|(zh)
(do)
ʯīϩY(ji)(gu)dz(wn)ֹоδl(f)F(xin)ʯīϩ̼ԭȱʧrʯīϩи̼ԭ֮gBӷdzg(dng)ʩⲿC(j)еr̼ԭ͏׃Ķʹ̼ԭӲЁm(yng)Ҳͱ˽Y(ji)(gu)(wn)@N(wn)ľY(ji)(gu)ʹ̼ԭӾЃ(yu)Č(do)ʯīϩе܉Ƅӕr򾧸ȱݻԭӶl(f)ɢԭgʮ֏(qing)ڳʹ܇̼ԭӰl(f)Dײʯīϩܵĸɔ_ҲdzС
ʯīϩӵ\(yn)ٶ_(d)˹ٵ1/300h(yun)h(yun)^һ㌧(do)wе\(yn)ٶ@ʹʯīϩеӣ(zhn)_(yng)Q顰dӡ(electric charge carrier)|(zh)ՓԵ΢ӷdz
ʯīϩஔ(dng)?sh)IJ͸ȣմs2.3%ĿҊ@ҲʯīϩdՓԵwF(xin)
C(j)е
ʯīϩ֪(qing)ߵ|(zh)@ʯ߀Ӳ(qing)ȱõF߀Ҫ100炐ȁW(xu)W(xu)ҌʯīϩęC(j)еM(jn)ȫоԇ^xȡһЩֱ1020΢׵ʯīϩ΢ооˆTnj@ЩʯīϩƷһ汻@С׵ľw@Щ׵ֱ11.5΢֮g֮ýʯƳɵ̽ᘌ@ЩСϵʯīϩʩӉԜyԇij
оˆTl(f)F(xin)ʯīϩƷ΢_ʼǰÿ100{׾xϿɳܵȻ_(d)˴s2.9΢ţ(j)ƌW(xu)҂y@һY(ji)ஔ(dng)Ҫʩ55ţDĉʹ1LʯīϩѡW(xu)҂ȡஔ(dng)ͨʳƷϰbģȼs100{ףʯīϩôҪʩӲfţĉ܌䳶QԒfʯīϩƳɰbôܴܳsɇصƷ
ӵ໥
(qing)ݗԴݴW(xu)炐ȁW(xu)̈́ڂ˹ҌҵW(xu)Ұl(f)F(xin)ʯīϩܣʯīϩgԼcCŸg(qing)ҵ໥á
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W(xu)|(zh)
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